Here is the full list of all 49 Metro 2033 Redux achievements. It takes around 25-30 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Become a true ranger.
Complete the game in Spartan Mode.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 100 enemies with assault rifles.
Kill 30 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill 100 enemies with shotguns.
Kill a librarian.
Kill 50 Watchmen.
Kill 200 Mutants.
On the level OUTPOST reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
Wipe your Gas Mask 20 times.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 100 nosalises.
Save a group of Reds from Fascist captivity.
Kill 15 human enemies with Headshots from at least 30 meters' distance.
Kill 100 enemies using revolvers.
Disarm 15 wire traps.
Kill 50 humans with pneumatic weapons.
Kill 100 Human Enemies.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at CURSED STATION.
Save 1000 military-grade rounds.
Kill 30 human enemies with headshots.
Kill 10 Enemies in a row without taking any damage.
Stealthily kill 15 Enemies.
Make 30 deals in weapon shops.
Find the truth.
Kill 30 enemies with flame grenades.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
On the level FRONTLINE kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Complete FRONTLINE level without killing anyone.
Explode 30 enemies.
Spend 60 seconds in a Radiation Hotspot.
Drink at every occasion.
Complete the level BLACK STATION without killing or knocking out any enemies.
Kill 30 enemies with throwing knives.
Complete all 51 of Artyom's hidden Diary pages.
On the level HUNTER kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
On the level DEPOT silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City.
Open 15 locked safe boxes.
Get 30 kills with Hellbreath.
Kill 30 human enemies in close combat.
Kill 10 Spiders.
Knock 30 human enemies out in close combat.
Complete the game in Survival Mode.
Use a Medkit 75 times.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.