Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Research all technologies
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Finish the game
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Build Diesel locomotive
Produce 10k Electronic circuits
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Research Oil processing
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Finish the game in 15 hours
Finish the game in 8 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.