Unmissable achievement.
You get this for completing the third major part of the game ("The Lair").
*** Spoiler - click to reveal ***
There are two primary tasks. First walk toward the front of the platform and listen to the man ramble on. Eventually, he'll start tossing vacuum tubes at you. Grab one out of the air (it'll break if it hits the ground) and stick it in the panel on the left, next to the lever. Repeat this until you've gotten all three in. At that point you can pull the lever and an elevator will appear. Get on it and pull the lever on it to be lowered down.
Once you get down, get off the elevator and circle around the platform. The guy will eventually kick down a bridge for you. Walk across and start collecting the various electrical components outlined in blue, as well as some cassette tapes. Eventually the guy will tell you to start the water wheel. Turn right from the bridge and see a station with two levers. One moves the bucket/wheel left and right, the other backwards and forwards. Manipulate these until the bucket is in the stream of water flowing from on high and the wheel will begin to spin.
This will cause the board behind you to short-circuit and the components to spit out. Go back to it and start placing the components you've collected into it. Some of them have to be placed back before others (the diagram on the left of the circuit board has some hints). The components are color-coded to the wires, so it's a fairly easy process.
Once it's all working again, an elevator on the far left will open. Go get onto it and wait for the cut-scene to end, you to descend, and the achievement to pop.